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-A +A

fig 2

fig 2

A: From quiescence to spontaneous oscillations with Ca2+ iontophoresis. When the Ca2+ concentration is raised above a threshold value, we observe a bifurcation (Hopf bifurcation) towards an oscillatory behavior whose frequency increases with Ca2+.
B: Force-displacement relation of an oscillatory hair bundle. The hair bundle displays a region of “negative stiffness” in the central region of the curve. The hair bundle cannot rest stably at the corresponding positions.